Trading & Orders
How are profits and losses calculated?
For linear perpetual contracts, PnL = price movement × position quantity × contract multiplier, signed by direction. Leverage changes the position exposure, not the PnL formula itself.
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Linear price-movement PnL
For a verified linear perpetual contract, gross PnL equals price movement × position quantity × contract multiplier, signed by trade direction. A long uses exit minus entry; a short uses entry minus exit. Leverage changes exposure you can take, not this formula for a fixed quantity.
Examples
For a linear contract with multiplier 1, buying 0.01 units at $50,000 and closing at $51,000 produces $10 gross PnL: $1,000 movement × 0.01. The same move loses $10 for a short of that quantity.
For a contract with a verified multiplier of 5, quantity 2 and a favorable 10-point move, gross PnL is $100. This is a formula illustration, not a claim that every index contract has that multiplier. Always use the selected instrument's verified specification.
Net performance includes costs
Entry and exit commissions, funding and disclosed adjustments change the final net result. A gross profitable trade can have less net profit, and a flat price exit can still lose money after costs. Partial exits realize only the closed portion; the rest remains open exposure.
Balance versus unrealized PnL
Open positions contribute unrealized PnL to account equity and risk checks. Their gains are not eligible payout profit. Closed balance includes posted realized results and costs, plus account-level entries such as payout reservations.
For payout calculations, use eligible net profit rather than adding a chart's open PnL badge to withdrawable cash. Own Capital simulated results remain separate from real deposited funds.
Troubleshooting a mismatch
Check the exact market, contract multiplier, filled quantity, actual entry/exit prices, partial fills and fees. A displayed mid-price may differ from the depth-weighted execution price. Confirm the account and history period as well.
If numbers still disagree, provide support the order and fill references and the calculation you used. Do not assume a crypto quantity formula applies unchanged to every equity, commodity or index perpetual.
Related guidance
Read What is leverage? and Do losing trades incur commissions?.